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经过基因改造的浮萍可能是一种更可持续的生物燃料来源_我的网站

一 |     这项研究是由美国能源部布鲁克海文国家实验室和纽约冷泉港实验室的研究人员进行的。他们从一种被称为Lemna japonica的现有浮萍开始，向其添加了多个基因，这些基因已经被认为可以驱动其他植物的燃料生产和储存。在被描述为推/拉/保护效应中，其中一个基因推动（增加）脂肪酸的生产，其中一个基因将这些脂肪酸拉（组装）成三酰甘油油，另一个基因通过在植物组织中涂抹油滴来保护它们免受环境的降解。    The U.S. and Qatar have reached an agreement to prevent Iran from accessing $6 billion recently unfrozen as part of a prisoner swap, the deputy treasury secretary told lawmakers on Thursday, sources confirmed to ABC News.Deputy Secretary Wally Adeyemo told House Democrats in a closed-door briefing that the money "isn't going anywhere anytime soon," sources said.The agreement comes as the U.S. is scrutinizing Iran's role in backing Hamas, the terrorist group behind the unprecedented attacks on Israel over the weekend. Though the Biden administration said there's been no evidence that Iran played a direct role in the assault, the White House has said Iran is complicit given its decades of support for Hamas.The administration has faced calls from lawmakers on both sides of the aisle to re-freeze the funds in the wake of the violent conflict.The $6 billion in Iranian oil revenue was freed up last month as part of the U.S.-Iranian prisoner swap in which five American citizens were freed. It was made available solely for humanitarian purposes and is under strict U.S. oversight.The White House on Thursday repeatedly stressed that Iran has not yet tapped this humanitarian fund."Every single dime of that money is still sitting in the Qatari bank. ... Not one dime of it has been spent," National Security Council spokesman John Kirby told reporters.But Kirby went to great lengths not to comment publicly on this new understanding to prevent Iran from tapping these funds.ABC News Chief White House Correspondent Mary Bruce pressed Kirby about whether Iran could access the money if it wanted to."What I can tell you is none of it has been accessed and we are watching every dime as you would expect we would," he responded. "We're watching it very, very closely. ... We have oversight over -- over what can be assessed and for what purposes."Asked whether he didn't want to discuss the matter because of concerns that it would imply Iran's culpability, Kirby again stressed, "All I can tell you is we haven't seen any specific evidence that Iran was involved specifically with these attacks, but as we've said, broadly, yes, they're certainly complicit."Peppered with questions on the funds repeatedly during the press briefing, one reporter finally asked: "On the $6 billion, I'm trying to figure out if you' re saying that policy hasn't actually changed in any way or just that you aren't willing to talk about changes that may have happened in the last 24 hours?""Bingo! It's the last one," Kirby exclaimed.Secretary of State Antony Blinken, who visited Israel on Thursday in a show of support, also stressed the $6 billion fun could only be dispensed for humanitarian goods, medicine, medical equipment, and has "never touched Iranian hands.""We have strict oversight of the funds and we retain the right to freeze them," Blinken said.。因此，工程浮萍积累的油几乎占其干重生物量的10%，据说这比该植物的野生对应物的积累率增加了100倍。它的油产量是当今最大的生物柴油来源大豆的7倍以上。然而，与大豆不同的是，浮萍作物不会占用农田，因为它们将被种植在大型容器或池塘中。事实上，科学家们建议，浮萍作物可以种植在养猪场和家禽场的液体废物径流中，这些植物将通过从水中吸取多余的营养物质来帮助清理。

二 | 一个挑战在于，通常情况下，推动脂肪酸生产的基因也会阻碍植物生长。为了解决这个问题，"推动"基因与另一个被称为启动子的基因配对，后者通过向水中添加一种特定的化学诱导剂而被激活。

三 | 首席科学家，布鲁克海文生物化学家John Shanklin说：“加入这个启动子可以使推动基因保持关闭，直到我们加入诱导剂，这使得植物在我们开启脂肪酸/石油生产之前可以正常生长。”研究人员现在正在研究种植浮萍并从中提取商业规模的油的方法。关于这项研究的一篇论文最近发表在《植物生物技术杂志》上。

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